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[Music]

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hi this is susan gerbic from gso w

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that's guerrilla skepticism on Wikipedia

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I want to thank everyone who via the

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skeptic zone podcast has contacted me to

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become an editor on Wikipedia together

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we have worked on or created over 1200

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wikipedia pages countless thousands of

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people all of the world access those

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pages each day in fact we're over 52

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million page views like many listeners I

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also give back to the skeptic zone via

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monthly micropayments

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and I want to encourage you to do the

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same is the information and

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entertainment you get each week from the

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show with 5 or $10 a month I sure think

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it is follow the link at skeptic zone TV

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and show your practical support thank

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you welcome to the skipped observe the

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podcast from Australia for science and

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reason

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[Music]

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[Applause]

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[Music]

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yes it's the skeptic zone podcast

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episode number 585 for the 29th of

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December 2019 richardsaunders he with

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you from the San Francisco Bay Area

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this is the last skeptic zone podcast

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there for 2019 2020 2020 I told my niece

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the other day who's only 10 that soon

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it's going to be the 20s and she's going

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to be turning into a teenager during the

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20s and I suggested to her that she

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should learn to dance the Charleston and

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I showed her some old YouTube videos

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movies he should have seen the look on

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her face coming up on this week's

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episode of the skeptic zone Maynard back

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again Maynard with more interviews from

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skeptic on 2019 in Melbourne and this

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week may not interviews Thomas Westbrook

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from holy kool-aid the YouTube channel

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holy kool-aid tackling conspiracy

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theories and anti science it was really

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nice to meet Thomas Westbrook at the

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skeptic on in Melbourne as well as many

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other people there and I'm sure you'll

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find this interview very interesting

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after that I catch up once again with my

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dear dear dear friend dr. eugenie Scott

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we take a walk through the streets of

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Auckland in California and chat about

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the upcoming skeptic al which will be

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held next year in the Bay Area if you

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haven't been to skeptical it's the one

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day Northern Californian sceptical event

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then I can sincerely recommend it I hope

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to be there myself who knows find out

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more coming up including including I

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discover a rare book written by James

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Bond manda round off the show it's Tim

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Mendham a reading from the book of Tim

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Tim looks at citizen science the vital

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role everyday people have played through

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the decades and the centuries in the

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advancement of science and of course

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this is again taken from the pages of

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the skeptic the journal from Australian

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skeptics not to be confused with

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any other magazine around the world that

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happens to call itself the skeptic well

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that's all from me at the moment it's

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time for me to run upstairs run upstairs

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and I can't help but think what the

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skeptic zone cats are doing back in

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Australia at the moment keeping cool I

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hope because I hear on the news that

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it's going to be another scorching hot

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day in Sydney Australia here in the Bay

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Area it's nice and crispy cool anyway

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I'm gonna run up the stairs

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have a marshmallow icing or a biscuit

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hmm

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sounds good to me while I do that I hope

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you enjoy the skeptic zone

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[Music]

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here's Maynard spooky action at a

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here in the media room in the rather

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overcrowded sort of I know what it's a

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Prius that we're in really it's got that

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sort of feel about it it's all white

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inside who have we got here now

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hi my name is Thomas Westbrook from the

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holy kool-aid youtube channel what

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inspired you to get your YouTube channel

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started well I had been most of my life

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I was extremely religious my parents

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were missionaries

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Mormon and actually evangelical so

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Christmas has been difficult of life

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usually when I'm around family I try to

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keep the peace and I don't really bring

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it up and at the same time there's

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always that little bit of

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passive-aggressive preaching that you

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get just for being in the presence of

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people who make religion the focal point

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of their lives vague warnings of Hell I

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do get that mmm so tell us for people

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who are having a family dinner and

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everyone's kind of religious when when

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they bow with the heads and say grace or

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something like that you just quietly bow

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your head and say nothing what's the

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best way or do you stand up and start

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loudly making a martini or something

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what's the best way do you handle it I

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just I keep my eyes open and I look over

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at my little nephews and nieces and I

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make goofy faces at them during the

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prayer because they kind of pick him

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back at ya ya hang on my god he's got

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something going on over there yeah I

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mean they're kind of looking around like

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what's going on why are we doing this

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this who are we talking to and so is

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religion your your skepticism target

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normally or is it a range of things well

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initially I started off wanting to just

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share my story I wanted to tell the

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story of how I went from believing all

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of that stuff to then

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you know asking how does the world

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actually work because I believe that if

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something is true truth withstand

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scrutiny so I set out to basically

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scrutinize the truth look for the

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evidence and share that journey in that

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process but as I started making these

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videos I realized that what I was really

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in love with was science and technology

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and and making the world a better place

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solving the most difficult problems that

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face humanity and I don't think religion

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is necessarily the biggest hindrance to

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that it can be sometimes people will use

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religion in order to say back up a

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position like climate change denial

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because they'll say that God has given

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us dominion over the earth you would

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never let us destroy it or Jesus is

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coming back soon so I think in certain

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areas religion can be extremely harmful

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but my biggest thing is whether

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psychics who claim that they can talk to

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your dead family and they're conning you

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out of millions of dollars and they're

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slowing humanity down with all this woe

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and nonsense or whether it's flat

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earthers who just don't understand how

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to actually think critically and examine

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the facts or whatever the case may be I

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want to tackle it I want to uncover how

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the world works I want to see where the

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evidence leads and teach people how to

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actually not just be a skeptic but how

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to use science coupled with skepticism

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to actually get to the most likely

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answers to the problems that we're

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facing

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what is the episode that you've tried to

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get something across and it's almost

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stumped you it's been a difficult one to

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get across even in a visual form on

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YouTube abiogenesis was very challenging

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hang on xarna

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ooh hang on how life came from geology

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kind of well from chemistry because it's

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it certainly is that there's there's an

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interaction between the geosphere and

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the biosphere for sure so when you look

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at you know geology and you look at

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rocks and stuff some people who want to

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strawman the not even the atheist

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position but the naturalist position

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will say oh you just believe that we

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came from a rock that takes more faith

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than to believe that God made it which

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is funny because Genesis says that we

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came from mud but when you actually look

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at the position that he almost

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biochemists put forth based off of a

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laboratory test where they're trying to

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recreate the early environment type

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scenarios you know they don't say that

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we came from Iraq because Iraq is

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usually it's it's in a solid form it's

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not a organic molecule you know they're

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saying you know we came from chemistry

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but it's things like you know hydrogen

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and you know oxygen and you know that

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these are elements that are found in our

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bodies that we know that every single

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living organism is made of and these are

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the components the building blocks

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carbon you know that that are holding us

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together they're the what make up our

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amino acids they're what make up our

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nucleic acids you know our carbohydrate

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so you know all of these things that our

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building blocks for life we know are the

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most common elements throughout the

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universe and I think that's something

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that you don't have to be a scientist to

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understand is that we see these elements

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forming together in stars

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see you know a nuclear fusion happening

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and you can examine this using

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spectroscopy we have tools that can look

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out into space and figure out what

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different planets and stars and stuff

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nebulae what gases they're made of what

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they're composed of and we see these all

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over everywhere that we look and then we

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start examining you know further on the

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cosmos we see how planets are forming

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accretion disks and they're coming

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together with gravity or as we're seeing

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all this happening naturally and then

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we're like okay but how can we get to

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life that's where it gets challenging

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because biochemistry is a hard hard hard

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topic it's extremely like extremely

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complex so when I was studying that I

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actually had several different experts

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PhDs in biochemistry who I was balancing

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these scripts off of as I was

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researching it on my own as a layman and

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and then trying to get their feedback

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and trying to understand it so that's

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where it gets challenging is first I

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have to understand it but then I have to

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communicate those aha moments in a way

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that is both accurate but also

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understandable and visually display it

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in a way that they can actually grasp

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because you couple the visuals with the

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educational audio now what how many

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different kinds of she'll have you been

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accused of being and you're you're in

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the pocket of big biochemistry in the

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pocket of big pharma how many of you

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been accused of I've been told that yeah

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I'm part of the Illuminati that's a good

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one

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I've been told that nASA has paying me

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because you know I'm saying that the

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earth is not flat you've been accused

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so I guess every time you do a show they

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assume that you're in the pocket of

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whatever's in that show yeah yeah it

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depends so I just did a video on how are

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the pyramids made and you know I'm

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talking about the history of the

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pyramids and stuff and I actually as a

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part of that video one of the things

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that I discovered because I was up to my

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elbows in ancient Egyptian history for

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about two months and I was like okay

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it's not aliens it's not UFOs we know

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that much we also know it wasn't Jewish

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00:10:56,530 --> 00:10:54,650
slaves so the the story that's put forth

275
00:10:58,870 --> 00:10:56,540
in you know the Pentateuch the first

276
00:11:00,730 --> 00:10:58,880
five books of the Bible is that you know

277
00:11:02,320 --> 00:11:00,740
the Jews were slaves in Israel the Bible

278
00:11:03,319 --> 00:11:02,330
never says that they built the pyramid

279
00:11:06,710 --> 00:11:03,329
so even if it

280
00:11:08,119 --> 00:11:06,720
was accurate it's still the timeline is

281
00:11:09,650 --> 00:11:08,129
completely off because the pyramids were

282
00:11:11,179 --> 00:11:09,660
made a thousand years earlier than any

283
00:11:13,100 --> 00:11:11,189
Bible scholar says that the Jews were in

284
00:11:15,079 --> 00:11:13,110
Israel now one of the theories of hood

285
00:11:16,519 --> 00:11:15,089
and it's a bit out there is that there

286
00:11:18,319 --> 00:11:16,529
was a little bit more water going on

287
00:11:20,900 --> 00:11:18,329
there and then they were able to sort of

288
00:11:22,100 --> 00:11:20,910
have a water floating the around the

289
00:11:23,840 --> 00:11:22,110
pyramids there over the Builder the

290
00:11:25,400 --> 00:11:23,850
thing around so you'd have water and the

291
00:11:27,970 --> 00:11:25,410
blocks were like raised in a sort of

292
00:11:30,769 --> 00:11:27,980
dock thing I've seen that that

293
00:11:34,519 --> 00:11:30,779
hypothesis and on night water then I

294
00:11:38,600 --> 00:11:34,529
find it's highly unlikely and one of the

295
00:11:39,859 --> 00:11:38,610
reasons being is I that the the

296
00:11:42,160 --> 00:11:39,869
mechanisms that they would have had to

297
00:11:44,389 --> 00:11:42,170
create who created would have been

298
00:11:45,559 --> 00:11:44,399
almost as complicated as the pyramid

299
00:11:47,269 --> 00:11:45,569
itself they'd have to have locking

300
00:11:48,799 --> 00:11:47,279
mechanism some type of hydraulic palm

301
00:11:50,059 --> 00:11:48,809
something you know why don't one of the

302
00:11:51,859 --> 00:11:50,069
theories is that there's a massive

303
00:11:54,199 --> 00:11:51,869
bucket bucket brigade and stuff that

304
00:11:56,359 --> 00:11:54,209
they had going to the top and moving all

305
00:11:58,400 --> 00:11:56,369
this water and it's like you know maybe

306
00:11:59,989 --> 00:11:58,410
like that it's it's physically possible

307
00:12:03,769 --> 00:11:59,999
some of the methods that they put forth

308
00:12:06,289 --> 00:12:03,779
but it's it lacks the evidence I think

309
00:12:07,489 --> 00:12:06,299
that's required for such a claim and

310
00:12:09,289 --> 00:12:07,499
there's other methods that they could

311
00:12:10,639 --> 00:12:09,299
have used so it's only slightly ahead of

312
00:12:12,229 --> 00:12:10,649
they were able to move the blocks with

313
00:12:14,179 --> 00:12:12,239
sonic waves which is the other one I

314
00:12:15,859 --> 00:12:14,189
kind of like too because the guy in

315
00:12:17,539 --> 00:12:15,869
Florida built a thing down there that

316
00:12:19,309 --> 00:12:17,549
Rick and dad whatever that the coral

317
00:12:21,169 --> 00:12:19,319
palace or something that there's the

318
00:12:23,299 --> 00:12:21,179
place where he reckons he used the same

319
00:12:24,859 --> 00:12:23,309
way to make his Coral palace or whatever

320
00:12:26,539 --> 00:12:24,869
I forget what it is I'm sorry but ya

321
00:12:27,019 --> 00:12:26,549
know yes he had the secrets of the

322
00:12:31,340 --> 00:12:27,029
ancient

323
00:12:33,019 --> 00:12:31,350
sonic yeah yeah well and so getting back

324
00:12:34,489 --> 00:12:33,029
to the the claims that I'm being paid

325
00:12:37,100 --> 00:12:34,499
though is when I when I made that video

326
00:12:39,259 --> 00:12:37,110
about about the pyramids I also actually

327
00:12:41,689 --> 00:12:39,269
was just in Israel giving a talk at UM

328
00:12:43,220 --> 00:12:41,699
in Tel Aviv at the Israeli atheist

329
00:12:46,220 --> 00:12:43,230
Association has a conference there every

330
00:12:47,900 --> 00:12:46,230
year and while I was there one of the

331
00:12:49,220 --> 00:12:47,910
things that I really wanted to see is

332
00:12:51,979 --> 00:12:49,230
there's something called the Rameses

333
00:12:53,960 --> 00:12:51,989
gate which is it's it's part it's a

334
00:12:57,559 --> 00:12:53,970
remnant of an Egyptian fortress in

335
00:12:59,419 --> 00:12:57,569
Israel and so you know the reason that I

336
00:13:00,949 --> 00:12:59,429
found this particularly fascinating is

337
00:13:03,559 --> 00:13:00,959
that that period of time that that

338
00:13:06,169 --> 00:13:03,569
building was built was there was several

339
00:13:08,119 --> 00:13:06,179
hundred years where all of the land of

340
00:13:10,249 --> 00:13:08,129
Canaan which is modern-day Israel was

341
00:13:11,509 --> 00:13:10,259
under Egyptian domain and like it was

342
00:13:13,429 --> 00:13:11,519
under the rule and control of the

343
00:13:15,470 --> 00:13:13,439
Egyptian Empire and that is the

344
00:13:17,210 --> 00:13:15,480
timeframe that

345
00:13:19,640 --> 00:13:17,220
biblical scholars say that the exodus

346
00:13:21,110 --> 00:13:19,650
happened so my question is okay we know

347
00:13:22,840 --> 00:13:21,120
that it was under Egyptian rule not just

348
00:13:25,820 --> 00:13:22,850
because of the fortress there's also

349
00:13:27,500 --> 00:13:25,830
there's their steal a that depict the

350
00:13:29,060 --> 00:13:27,510
conquest of the Egyptians like the

351
00:13:30,860 --> 00:13:29,070
Battle of Megiddo you're conquering the

352
00:13:32,390 --> 00:13:30,870
land of Canaan there's diplomatic

353
00:13:34,970 --> 00:13:32,400
correspondences that we have multiple

354
00:13:36,560 --> 00:13:34,980
tablets written back and forth you know

355
00:13:37,940 --> 00:13:36,570
we have we even found part of us Fink's

356
00:13:41,210 --> 00:13:37,950
and Israel there's like all these little

357
00:13:42,230 --> 00:13:41,220
pieces of evidence that we know that the

358
00:13:44,390 --> 00:13:42,240
land of Canaan was under Egyptian

359
00:13:46,400 --> 00:13:44,400
control and yet there's this claim that

360
00:13:49,850 --> 00:13:46,410
the Exodus story that they fled from

361
00:13:51,170 --> 00:13:49,860
Egypt to Kaman and so it was part of a

362
00:13:53,000 --> 00:13:51,180
gypped at the time so they wouldn't even

363
00:13:54,980 --> 00:13:53,010
go in anyway yeah why would they flee

364
00:13:56,660 --> 00:13:54,990
from Egypt to more Egypt if they're

365
00:13:58,850 --> 00:13:56,670
trying to get away from Egypt it makes

366
00:14:00,920 --> 00:13:58,860
no sense and so these are the things

367
00:14:03,500 --> 00:14:00,930
that you know when you hear an expert

368
00:14:05,570 --> 00:14:03,510
say or a historian say oh yeah no

369
00:14:07,310 --> 00:14:05,580
there's there's no evidence for you know

370
00:14:09,140 --> 00:14:07,320
that the Jewish Exodus ever happening

371
00:14:11,150 --> 00:14:09,150
and there's you know evidence you would

372
00:14:13,790 --> 00:14:11,160
expect to find as well as you know

373
00:14:16,280 --> 00:14:13,800
there's no we have millions of different

374
00:14:17,930 --> 00:14:16,290
pieces of archaeological findings in

375
00:14:20,510 --> 00:14:17,940
Egypt there were meticulous record

376
00:14:22,550 --> 00:14:20,520
keepers and there's there's no evidence

377
00:14:24,020 --> 00:14:22,560
whatsoever of a massive Jewish slave

378
00:14:25,340 --> 00:14:24,030
population that would have been you know

379
00:14:26,630 --> 00:14:25,350
millions of people over the course of

380
00:14:28,850 --> 00:14:26,640
you know a couple hundred years that

381
00:14:30,110 --> 00:14:28,860
they were allegedly in Egypt but the

382
00:14:32,000 --> 00:14:30,120
thing is when people when an expert

383
00:14:33,650 --> 00:14:32,010
tells you oh no you know there's no

384
00:14:35,300 --> 00:14:33,660
evidence word or we don't buy it they

385
00:14:36,890 --> 00:14:35,310
don't usually tell you why they don't

386
00:14:38,300 --> 00:14:36,900
usually walk you through all the pieces

387
00:14:39,830 --> 00:14:38,310
of evidence that they've they've

388
00:14:41,990 --> 00:14:39,840
gathered and their findings to get to

389
00:14:44,120 --> 00:14:42,000
this conclusion so my goal is to take

390
00:14:46,430 --> 00:14:44,130
that in a laser focus sometimes often

391
00:14:47,780 --> 00:14:46,440
animated video and just break it down in

392
00:14:50,330 --> 00:14:47,790
five to ten minutes in a way that people

393
00:14:52,400 --> 00:14:50,340
can understand but I'm probably gonna be

394
00:14:54,410 --> 00:14:52,410
told you know because I went to Israel

395
00:14:55,610 --> 00:14:54,420
that I'm a you know Jewish Hill because

396
00:14:57,500 --> 00:14:55,620
I'm also doing a video saying that the

397
00:15:01,210 --> 00:14:57,510
Holocaust happened and there's Holocaust

398
00:15:03,680 --> 00:15:01,220
deniers and you say you'd be a Zionist

399
00:15:05,210 --> 00:15:03,690
disinformation agent there yeah that's

400
00:15:06,460 --> 00:15:05,220
the only way it's something like that

401
00:15:08,930 --> 00:15:06,470
which is funny because I'm

402
00:15:10,940 --> 00:15:08,940
simultaneously you know a Zionist

403
00:15:12,740 --> 00:15:10,950
disinformation agent and at the same

404
00:15:15,410 --> 00:15:12,750
time I'm also going against the biblical

405
00:15:17,290 --> 00:15:15,420
narrative that they're you know a lost

406
00:15:19,280 --> 00:15:17,300
last question for this one is it done as

407
00:15:20,630 --> 00:15:19,290
someone who was religious there what do

408
00:15:22,340 --> 00:15:20,640
you reckon as a critical thinker is a

409
00:15:23,180 --> 00:15:22,350
the best book of the Bible to read and

410
00:15:25,040 --> 00:15:23,190
go hang on a minute

411
00:15:26,300 --> 00:15:25,050
I was always a big Revelations fan but

412
00:15:28,570 --> 00:15:26,310
lately I've been getting drawn to

413
00:15:31,400 --> 00:15:28,580
Ezekiel because it's pretty out there

414
00:15:32,510 --> 00:15:31,410
it's not just one book there's stories

415
00:15:34,430 --> 00:15:32,520
here and there like you look at the Book

416
00:15:36,920 --> 00:15:34,440
of Jonah and they'll say like oh yeah

417
00:15:38,030 --> 00:15:36,930
you know he was you know you say that's

418
00:15:39,260 --> 00:15:38,040
impossible to be swallowed by a whale

419
00:15:41,030 --> 00:15:39,270
and they usually come back with it

420
00:15:42,410 --> 00:15:41,040
wasn't a whale it was a big fish I'm

421
00:15:44,600 --> 00:15:42,420
like oh so that makes it more likely

422
00:15:46,040 --> 00:15:44,610
that you can swim and stomach acid for

423
00:15:48,080 --> 00:15:46,050
all this time that you could have an

424
00:15:49,910 --> 00:15:48,090
oxygen-free environment that you're you

425
00:15:51,980 --> 00:15:49,920
know not gonna suffocate and die in in a

426
00:15:53,480 --> 00:15:51,990
matter of minutes you know but but as

427
00:15:55,100 --> 00:15:53,490
far as a specific book I think the book

428
00:15:57,620 --> 00:15:55,110
of Genesis if you understand even but

429
00:15:59,450 --> 00:15:57,630
the simplest it's hard going because

430
00:16:01,640 --> 00:15:59,460
Tom's up so I'm gonna read the Bible and

431
00:16:02,900 --> 00:16:01,650
I cannot get through that but if you

432
00:16:05,210 --> 00:16:02,910
understand that even though the most

433
00:16:07,070 --> 00:16:05,220
simple elements of science you you take

434
00:16:09,170 --> 00:16:07,080
one look at the first chapter of Genesis

435
00:16:11,270 --> 00:16:09,180
and it's just it's it's out there it's

436
00:16:12,620 --> 00:16:11,280
completely out there and yeah by the

437
00:16:14,750 --> 00:16:12,630
time you get to the flood story and

438
00:16:17,000 --> 00:16:14,760
stuff it's it's like come on you mean to

439
00:16:19,310 --> 00:16:17,010
tell me that every single animal you

440
00:16:20,990 --> 00:16:19,320
know millions of 10 million species were

441
00:16:23,180 --> 00:16:21,000
all you know oh no it wasn't species it

442
00:16:25,640 --> 00:16:23,190
was kinds okay but then did evolution

443
00:16:27,080 --> 00:16:25,650
happen at this insane pace right after

444
00:16:29,690 --> 00:16:27,090
the flood and then it slowed down and

445
00:16:31,850 --> 00:16:29,700
stopped like you know it did everyone

446
00:16:33,800 --> 00:16:31,860
not die of methane poisoning with the

447
00:16:35,720 --> 00:16:33,810
one window not being able to ventilate a

448
00:16:37,490 --> 00:16:35,730
boat that's you know you know

449
00:16:38,690 --> 00:16:37,500
unimpressive Lee tiny that but it was

450
00:16:40,550 --> 00:16:38,700
still big enough to not be able to

451
00:16:42,530 --> 00:16:40,560
withstand these you know raging waters

452
00:16:44,180 --> 00:16:42,540
lovely got a hawk in Canada with you

453
00:16:46,550 --> 00:16:44,190
sometime that would be a great visit

454
00:16:48,970 --> 00:16:46,560
yeah well I have I have two videos on my

455
00:16:52,220 --> 00:16:48,980
channel that I made a couple years ago

456
00:16:53,690 --> 00:16:52,230
about the Noah's Ark story and their

457
00:16:55,160 --> 00:16:53,700
animated Bible myths and I tell the

458
00:16:56,710 --> 00:16:55,170
story like it's actually true but

459
00:16:59,060 --> 00:16:56,720
they're in a really tongue-in-cheek

460
00:17:00,800 --> 00:16:59,070
esoterical way you know and then God hid

461
00:17:03,110 --> 00:17:00,810
all the fossils and you know you know

462
00:17:04,550 --> 00:17:03,120
layered the fossil layer in such a way

463
00:17:06,050 --> 00:17:04,560
is to test our faith to make it look

464
00:17:09,080 --> 00:17:06,060
like it was actually you know millions

465
00:17:11,630 --> 00:17:09,090
of years instead of just a giant flood

466
00:17:13,430 --> 00:17:11,640
that you know made some type of you know

467
00:17:16,130 --> 00:17:13,440
geological stew out of it that you would

468
00:17:18,110 --> 00:17:16,140
expect well I have a great time here at

469
00:17:19,820 --> 00:17:18,120
skeptic home 2019 and where can we find

470
00:17:21,440 --> 00:17:19,830
your show on youtube as well as a

471
00:17:24,680 --> 00:17:21,450
landing page for your more general stuff

472
00:17:27,230 --> 00:17:24,690
that we might find online so I have my

473
00:17:29,960 --> 00:17:27,240
channels called holy kool-aid I'm at

474
00:17:32,210 --> 00:17:29,970
holy kool-aid on Twitter most of my

475
00:17:34,030 --> 00:17:32,220
stuff is videos but I I have it all

476
00:17:37,000 --> 00:17:34,040
aggregated on holy kool-aid calm I also

477
00:17:40,160 --> 00:17:37,010
put together the first ever and only

478
00:17:41,420 --> 00:17:40,170
atheist YouTube conference in Dallas

479
00:17:42,980 --> 00:17:41,430
well I think this year were doing it in

480
00:17:45,320 --> 00:17:42,990
Austin Texas called the faithless forum

481
00:17:46,370 --> 00:17:45,330
so we get a lot of the youtubers and

482
00:17:47,960 --> 00:17:46,380
stuff that don't necessarily get

483
00:17:49,520 --> 00:17:47,970
speaking slots but they know how to

484
00:17:51,950 --> 00:17:49,530
entertain they have a massive audience

485
00:17:53,660 --> 00:17:51,960
they promote skepticism in science and

486
00:17:55,340 --> 00:17:53,670
we get them all in one place how do you

487
00:17:57,950 --> 00:17:55,350
feel about the whole YouTube deep

488
00:17:59,630 --> 00:17:57,960
platforming thing I mean obviously it's

489
00:18:01,130 --> 00:17:59,640
removing people from getting them an

490
00:18:02,360 --> 00:18:01,140
audience do you think that because

491
00:18:03,860 --> 00:18:02,370
there's a whole First Amendment thing

492
00:18:06,110 --> 00:18:03,870
going on the US but then it is a

493
00:18:07,670 --> 00:18:06,120
privately owned company YouTube so how

494
00:18:09,260 --> 00:18:07,680
do you feel about people being bumped

495
00:18:10,910 --> 00:18:09,270
off that have got ideas that I'm not

496
00:18:14,330 --> 00:18:10,920
seen as being a good idea to be shared

497
00:18:15,620 --> 00:18:14,340
so typically and obviously like it

498
00:18:17,390 --> 00:18:15,630
depends on who we're talking about you

499
00:18:19,190 --> 00:18:17,400
know if someone is getting on you know

500
00:18:20,720 --> 00:18:19,200
having calls for violence or something

501
00:18:21,200 --> 00:18:20,730
you know there are you know legal issues

502
00:18:23,180 --> 00:18:21,210
and stuff

503
00:18:24,860 --> 00:18:23,190
YouTube is within their legal rights

504
00:18:27,020 --> 00:18:24,870
they have you know it is a private

505
00:18:28,940 --> 00:18:27,030
platform so if you violate their terms

506
00:18:30,440 --> 00:18:28,950
of service they can terminate the

507
00:18:31,910 --> 00:18:30,450
platform or terminate you from the

508
00:18:34,190 --> 00:18:31,920
platform an example of that was there's

509
00:18:35,930 --> 00:18:34,200
the new independent fundamental Baptist

510
00:18:37,070 --> 00:18:35,940
Church was having to make America

511
00:18:39,050 --> 00:18:37,080
straight again conference and they were

512
00:18:43,520 --> 00:18:39,060
calling for the death penalty for all

513
00:18:45,650 --> 00:18:43,530
people in the LGBTQ community and the

514
00:18:47,450 --> 00:18:45,660
family plead case of yeah yeah and and

515
00:18:50,690 --> 00:18:47,460
they got there a lot of their accounts

516
00:18:52,580 --> 00:18:50,700
were moved for calling for violence at

517
00:18:53,570 --> 00:18:52,590
the same time if someone is just coming

518
00:18:55,610 --> 00:18:53,580
on and saying something that's

519
00:18:57,830 --> 00:18:55,620
controversial I you know I grew up like

520
00:19:01,190 --> 00:18:57,840
a flat earth or something yeah I grew up

521
00:19:04,040 --> 00:19:01,200
in the former Soviet Union and I I tend

522
00:19:06,560 --> 00:19:04,050
to lean much much much more strongly in

523
00:19:08,180 --> 00:19:06,570
the in favor of free speech and you know

524
00:19:10,070 --> 00:19:08,190
sunlight being the best disinfectant

525
00:19:11,570 --> 00:19:10,080
that if we really educate people and

526
00:19:13,160 --> 00:19:11,580
present good ideas and we teach them how

527
00:19:15,230 --> 00:19:13,170
to think critically that we can

528
00:19:16,520 --> 00:19:15,240
inoculate them against bad ideas I don't

529
00:19:17,930 --> 00:19:16,530
say you know hey no one can teach

530
00:19:20,210 --> 00:19:17,940
religion I say no teach them all the

531
00:19:22,100 --> 00:19:20,220
religions so that they you know see just

532
00:19:24,140 --> 00:19:22,110
how similar but crazy and different they

533
00:19:26,390 --> 00:19:24,150
all are at the same time and then they

534
00:19:27,710 --> 00:19:26,400
can come to a more logical conclusion if

535
00:19:30,100 --> 00:19:27,720
we actually teach them logic and

536
00:19:31,940 --> 00:19:30,110
critical thinking it doesn't always work

537
00:19:33,560 --> 00:19:31,950
you see the rise of the Flat Earth

538
00:19:35,150 --> 00:19:33,570
movement you see the rise of you know

539
00:19:36,860 --> 00:19:35,160
alternative medicine and conspiracy

540
00:19:38,780 --> 00:19:36,870
theories and stuff but I think that's

541
00:19:40,460 --> 00:19:38,790
why we need more people to be active in

542
00:19:42,310 --> 00:19:40,470
teaching good science and teaching

543
00:19:46,899 --> 00:19:42,320
critical thinking and teaching

544
00:19:48,549 --> 00:19:46,909
skepticism and it's

545
00:19:52,450 --> 00:19:48,559
it's it's it's a complex complicated

546
00:19:55,149 --> 00:19:52,460
issue but I do tend to lean more heavily

547
00:19:57,009 --> 00:19:55,159
away from authoritarian control and

548
00:20:14,699 --> 00:19:57,019
speech policing and more in favor of

549
00:20:19,359 --> 00:20:17,680
hello this is Rob Palmer you may have

550
00:20:21,159 --> 00:20:19,369
heard of me lately I've been

551
00:20:22,810 --> 00:20:21,169
interviewing scientists skeptics and

552
00:20:24,399 --> 00:20:22,820
other critical thinkers from around the

553
00:20:27,190 --> 00:20:24,409
world for my column in The Skeptical

554
00:20:31,959 --> 00:20:27,200
Inquirer and recently some for the

555
00:20:33,849 --> 00:20:31,969
skeptics in my written interviews have

556
00:20:35,949 --> 00:20:33,859
included Jana Vela from the skeptics

557
00:20:38,169 --> 00:20:35,959
guide to the universe mass psychogenic

558
00:20:40,859 --> 00:20:38,179
illness expert Robert Bartholomew

559
00:20:44,279 --> 00:20:40,869
Celeste you award from squaring strange

560
00:20:46,899 --> 00:20:44,289
psychic busted Private Eye bod Nygaard

561
00:20:49,719 --> 00:20:46,909
skeptical activist Michael Marshall of

562
00:20:51,310 --> 00:20:49,729
the UK and even secular activists Bailey

563
00:20:53,799 --> 00:20:51,320
Harris and John de Lancie

564
00:20:55,569 --> 00:20:53,809
that's Q from Star Trek I even

565
00:20:56,019 --> 00:20:55,579
interviewed Believe It or Not a Magic

566
00:20:58,869 --> 00:20:56,029
Dragon

567
00:21:01,930 --> 00:20:58,879
and another really well-known skeptic

568
00:21:04,569 --> 00:21:01,940
Richard Saunders you can find my online

569
00:21:07,119 --> 00:21:04,579
column with these interviews and more by

570
00:21:10,119 --> 00:21:07,129
googling the well-known skeptic plus

571
00:21:12,009 --> 00:21:10,129
skeptical Inquirer also follow me on

572
00:21:13,630 --> 00:21:12,019
Facebook at the well-known skeptic

573
00:21:27,680 --> 00:21:13,640
Cheers

574
00:21:35,210 --> 00:21:31,850
poor folks over the course of 2019 and

575
00:21:37,970 --> 00:21:35,220
probably 2018 and 2017 going back you've

576
00:21:39,620 --> 00:21:37,980
had regular updates from dr. eugenie

577
00:21:41,560 --> 00:21:39,630
Scott at the National Center for science

578
00:21:44,450 --> 00:21:41,570
education and we've just had a wonderful

579
00:21:47,450 --> 00:21:44,460
career unch here in Oakland I'm walking

580
00:21:51,110 --> 00:21:47,460
down what street is this now Broadway

581
00:21:51,560 --> 00:21:51,120
with Jeanne Scott hello Haley reverie

582
00:21:54,860 --> 00:21:51,570
buddy

583
00:21:57,050 --> 00:21:54,870
nice to catch up with you once again and

584
00:21:58,310 --> 00:21:57,060
it's good to see things are going well

585
00:22:00,530 --> 00:21:58,320
at the National Center for science

586
00:22:02,240 --> 00:22:00,540
education but you also very much involve

587
00:22:05,530 --> 00:22:02,250
the course of the Bay Area skeptics and

588
00:22:07,640 --> 00:22:05,540
you're just letting me on a few little

589
00:22:10,160 --> 00:22:07,650
little secrets there about the upcoming

590
00:22:11,750 --> 00:22:10,170
skeptical I mean it's not nailed down

591
00:22:13,730 --> 00:22:11,760
yet but the last one was very successful

592
00:22:16,640 --> 00:22:13,740
and we're looking forward to one next

593
00:22:19,820 --> 00:22:16,650
year oh you bet skeptical is the

594
00:22:22,730 --> 00:22:19,830
Northern California science and critical

595
00:22:25,190 --> 00:22:22,740
thinking skeptical conference we it's a

596
00:22:28,190 --> 00:22:25,200
one-day conference we try to keep the

597
00:22:30,830 --> 00:22:28,200
costs down by using local people and the

598
00:22:33,830 --> 00:22:30,840
Bay Area greater Bay Area basically

599
00:22:36,080 --> 00:22:33,840
Sacramento to Santa Cruz has a lot of

600
00:22:39,980 --> 00:22:36,090
scientists and journalists and other

601
00:22:42,590 --> 00:22:39,990
people who are quite worthwhile asking

602
00:22:46,940 --> 00:22:42,600
to speak but it looks like skeptical

603
00:22:48,980 --> 00:22:46,950
will be on Sunday June 7 so mark your

604
00:22:51,500 --> 00:22:48,990
calendars we'll be sending out a save

605
00:22:54,560 --> 00:22:51,510
the date for that fairly soon excellent

606
00:22:57,290 --> 00:22:54,570
course June nice toasty warm weather in

607
00:23:00,920 --> 00:22:57,300
the Bay Area hopefully I hope so but

608
00:23:03,950 --> 00:23:00,930
it's okay I won't be outdoors anyway now

609
00:23:07,370 --> 00:23:03,960
I was very lucky I went to skeptical to

610
00:23:09,530 --> 00:23:07,380
you last year though get sort of lost in

611
00:23:12,200 --> 00:23:09,540
the in the mists of time a couple years

612
00:23:14,360 --> 00:23:12,210
back at least I was at skeptic count I

613
00:23:16,340 --> 00:23:14,370
think it was I think it was seventeen

614
00:23:18,170 --> 00:23:16,350
twenty seventeen that sounds right and

615
00:23:20,390 --> 00:23:18,180
it's always a lot of fun to have you in

616
00:23:22,850 --> 00:23:20,400
skeptical er as a speaker for Bay Area

617
00:23:25,610 --> 00:23:22,860
skeptics or whenever we can snag you on

618
00:23:27,800 --> 00:23:25,620
the way by we're happy to try to get

619
00:23:29,540 --> 00:23:27,810
your reflections on what's going on in

620
00:23:31,520 --> 00:23:29,550
Australia and the skeptics movement yeah

621
00:23:34,100 --> 00:23:31,530
well of course last time I was here not

622
00:23:37,580 --> 00:23:34,110
so long ago I had a wonderful day at the

623
00:23:38,870 --> 00:23:37,590
Salone is strong we had a great day

624
00:23:41,450 --> 00:23:38,880
there we were right next to a Beatles

625
00:23:43,700 --> 00:23:41,460
tribute band but we plowed hunt we did

626
00:23:46,280 --> 00:23:43,710
psychic tests and and for me that was

627
00:23:48,410 --> 00:23:46,290
just fabulous and folks if you subscribe

628
00:23:50,390 --> 00:23:48,420
to the skeptic magazine from Australia

629
00:23:51,770 --> 00:23:50,400
you can read about my exploits actually

630
00:23:54,650 --> 00:23:51,780
I wrote a report there you go

631
00:23:56,720 --> 00:23:54,660
I've read it it was funny ya know the we

632
00:23:58,970 --> 00:23:56,730
had a great time at this big street

633
00:24:01,850 --> 00:23:58,980
festival called the Solano stroll and in

634
00:24:04,730 --> 00:24:01,860
the fall but we are the barrier skeptics

635
00:24:07,150 --> 00:24:04,740
also had another activity that you you

636
00:24:11,020 --> 00:24:07,160
weren't around for you know we

637
00:24:14,030 --> 00:24:11,030
participated in the San Francisco

638
00:24:16,040 --> 00:24:14,040
Exploratorium Museum which you've been

639
00:24:20,260 --> 00:24:16,050
to and Norwich it's a wonderful place

640
00:24:23,420 --> 00:24:20,270
it's a real hands-on minds-on type of

641
00:24:26,030 --> 00:24:23,430
Science Museum that for children of all

642
00:24:29,570 --> 00:24:26,040
ages literally yeah but they have a

643
00:24:32,300 --> 00:24:29,580
program called after dark which is an

644
00:24:34,310 --> 00:24:32,310
effort that museums have been doing

645
00:24:37,299 --> 00:24:34,320
around the world public to try to

646
00:24:40,310 --> 00:24:37,309
encourage young people to participate in

647
00:24:42,350 --> 00:24:40,320
ten museums and you know they serve

648
00:24:45,950 --> 00:24:42,360
alcohol and they have music and their

649
00:24:49,369 --> 00:24:45,960
their stuff you can do and one of the

650
00:24:53,419 --> 00:24:49,379
after darks a few months ago was on a

651
00:24:54,529 --> 00:24:53,429
topic of we better actually move aside a

652
00:24:56,389 --> 00:24:54,539
little bit we're getting turtle

653
00:24:58,399 --> 00:24:56,399
instructions oh that's all right that

654
00:25:00,529 --> 00:24:58,409
sounds yeah I like it

655
00:25:02,629 --> 00:25:00,539
no in fact I'll let the audience in on

656
00:25:05,060 --> 00:25:02,639
the secret here there's a huge

657
00:25:07,430 --> 00:25:05,070
construction in demolishing a giant

658
00:25:11,710 --> 00:25:07,440
building here it's all just rubble it's

659
00:25:13,430 --> 00:25:11,720
it's like something out of Robot Wars or

660
00:25:17,419 --> 00:25:13,440
transformers or something like that

661
00:25:20,180 --> 00:25:17,429
there are cranes and fire hoses twisted

662
00:25:22,340 --> 00:25:20,190
metal and concrete everywhere it's quite

663
00:25:24,739 --> 00:25:22,350
a sight look at that lifting up carrying

664
00:25:26,859 --> 00:25:24,749
a part of building Wow that's I've

665
00:25:30,560 --> 00:25:26,869
actually never seen one in process

666
00:25:32,989 --> 00:25:30,570
there's a there's a big crane with a

667
00:25:34,639 --> 00:25:32,999
bucket on the end holding up a wall

668
00:25:37,279 --> 00:25:34,649
holding up which I'm sure it's going to

669
00:25:39,739 --> 00:25:37,289
be pulling toward it but but notice me

670
00:25:41,610 --> 00:25:39,749
the hoses are I'm sure to keep the dust

671
00:25:44,980 --> 00:25:41,620
down yes yeah

672
00:25:47,620 --> 00:25:44,990
that's quite a son well we can duck

673
00:25:50,169 --> 00:25:47,630
under here the whoa

674
00:25:53,049 --> 00:25:50,179
the walkways covenant there will be a

675
00:25:57,730 --> 00:25:53,059
new building there next time you come

676
00:25:59,940 --> 00:25:57,740
from yeah so anyway the Bay Area

677
00:26:03,370 --> 00:25:59,950
skeptics were at the Exploratorium

678
00:26:06,909 --> 00:26:03,380
after-dark program where we and the East

679
00:26:11,289 --> 00:26:06,919
Bay skeptics had demos that people could

680
00:26:13,210 --> 00:26:11,299
stop by and try out so the various

681
00:26:16,180 --> 00:26:13,220
skeptics did reprise of that Solano

682
00:26:18,190 --> 00:26:16,190
stroll of psychokinesis demo which was a

683
00:26:20,560 --> 00:26:18,200
kick and the Bay Area skeptics header

684
00:26:24,909 --> 00:26:20,570
I'm sorry the East Bay skeptics had a

685
00:26:28,860 --> 00:26:24,919
really neat astrology demo that they did

686
00:26:32,200 --> 00:26:28,870
where people would would come up and

687
00:26:33,940 --> 00:26:32,210
choose which of two statements best

688
00:26:36,730 --> 00:26:33,950
represented what had happened in the

689
00:26:39,700 --> 00:26:36,740
previous week and one statement was

690
00:26:42,370 --> 00:26:39,710
their actual horoscope and the other was

691
00:26:46,270 --> 00:26:42,380
the six-month sixth month you know

692
00:26:51,190 --> 00:26:46,280
opposites as it were astrological sign

693
00:26:54,880 --> 00:26:51,200
and then they would we would plot Kip

694
00:26:57,130 --> 00:26:54,890
miss on a big diagram and by golly by

695
00:27:00,039 --> 00:26:57,140
the end of the evening everything was a

696
00:27:02,169 --> 00:27:00,049
lovely bimodal distribution as one would

697
00:27:05,860 --> 00:27:02,179
expect with the you know two part chance

698
00:27:10,390 --> 00:27:05,870
so is it we had fun exciting behind us

699
00:27:12,070 --> 00:27:10,400
that was about to go I think so that's

700
00:27:13,659 --> 00:27:12,080
that big moment we got to get we

701
00:27:16,730 --> 00:27:13,669
actually gonna beep through the fence

702
00:27:19,380 --> 00:27:16,740
here yeah yeah

703
00:27:22,020 --> 00:27:19,390
Wow

704
00:27:25,200 --> 00:27:22,030
it's nice remote it's actually drawing a

705
00:27:26,340 --> 00:27:25,210
bit of a crowd yes yeah sidewalk close

706
00:27:29,669 --> 00:27:26,350
all right we'll have to go out in the

707
00:27:33,870 --> 00:27:29,679
long way back this way yeah now Jeanne

708
00:27:35,150 --> 00:27:33,880
on the way here today I think they're

709
00:27:38,700 --> 00:27:35,160
chasing us

710
00:27:40,080 --> 00:27:38,710
that's quite dramatic from the BART

711
00:27:41,070 --> 00:27:40,090
station to the National Center for

712
00:27:44,549 --> 00:27:41,080
Science education

713
00:27:46,770 --> 00:27:44,559
I just by chance I walked past a

714
00:27:48,060 --> 00:27:46,780
fascinating bookstore and you'll be

715
00:27:53,419 --> 00:27:48,070
pleased to know there's lots of things

716
00:27:58,560 --> 00:27:53,429
in there like books on UFOs homeopathy

717
00:27:59,940 --> 00:27:58,570
all sorts of things and it's just up

718
00:28:01,560 --> 00:27:59,950
that in the next corner if you want to

719
00:28:04,100 --> 00:28:01,570
check it out let's check it out I

720
00:28:06,510 --> 00:28:04,110
haven't been there before a brief look

721
00:28:08,340 --> 00:28:06,520
it's a fascinating book shop and this is

722
00:28:11,400 --> 00:28:08,350
where and some people already know this

723
00:28:20,670 --> 00:28:11,410
I've discovered a book birds of the West

724
00:28:24,990 --> 00:28:23,070
we've come into the bookshop genie I had

725
00:28:27,240 --> 00:28:25,000
to do it I had to do it I'm going to buy

726
00:28:31,920 --> 00:28:27,250
birds of the West Indies fourth edition

727
00:28:33,630 --> 00:28:31,930
by James Bond how about that bond James

728
00:28:36,480 --> 00:28:33,640
Bond that's right and you're not

729
00:28:38,190 --> 00:28:36,490
surprised you've been talking yourself

730
00:28:40,740 --> 00:28:38,200
into this for the last couple of hours

731
00:28:43,650 --> 00:28:40,750
oh what a wonderful bookshop this is we

732
00:28:46,980 --> 00:28:43,660
must get the name of it as we we we

733
00:28:48,750 --> 00:28:46,990
leave it's good a great section on UFOs

734
00:28:50,220 --> 00:28:48,760
and homeopathy and all the rest of it

735
00:28:53,340 --> 00:28:50,230
but we just passed the birds and the

736
00:28:56,640 --> 00:28:53,350
bees so this is true really adjacent

737
00:28:58,620 --> 00:28:56,650
shelves in fact fascinating a love old

738
00:29:00,090 --> 00:28:58,630
book shops well great to catch up with

739
00:29:03,150 --> 00:29:00,100
you I'm sure I'll be seeing you over the

740
00:29:06,180 --> 00:29:03,160
next little while and folks if you can

741
00:29:10,759 --> 00:29:06,190
come to sceptical next year don't miss

742
00:29:16,639 --> 00:29:13,169
the bookshop by the way is called

743
00:29:19,349 --> 00:29:16,649
babbling mania and that's at 1816

744
00:29:24,160 --> 00:29:19,359
Telegraph Avenue Oakland California and

745
00:29:31,570 --> 00:29:29,570
[Music]

746
00:29:52,430 --> 00:29:31,580
www.wrc.org

747
00:29:59,360 --> 00:29:57,950
- okay Ellis Ellis table paola the

748
00:30:02,060 --> 00:29:59,370
Dallaire Moses with other Buenos Aires

749
00:30:04,460 --> 00:30:02,070
in Argentina when the couch ammos

750
00:30:07,610 --> 00:30:04,470
podcasts a cochamo mimic a couch a todo

751
00:30:10,040 --> 00:30:07,620
el mundo como the skeptics own ojala

752
00:30:11,930 --> 00:30:10,050
pueden venir a visit Ana's algun dia las

753
00:30:17,300 --> 00:30:11,940
esperamos con nuestra Ricky Sima comida

754
00:30:21,260 --> 00:30:18,820
[Music]

755
00:30:22,820 --> 00:30:21,270
mientras tanto sugandha fruit and OD

756
00:30:35,040 --> 00:30:22,830
pseudo C ciminelli ciencia de

757
00:30:42,600 --> 00:30:40,790
and now a reading from the book of Tim

758
00:30:51,640 --> 00:30:42,610
[Music]

759
00:30:53,380 --> 00:30:51,650
with Tim Mendham hi my name is Tim

760
00:30:55,810 --> 00:30:53,390
Mendel I'm the executive officer of

761
00:30:59,230 --> 00:30:55,820
Austrian skeptic zinc and I'm the editor

762
00:31:01,560 --> 00:30:59,240
of our magazine the skeptic and today

763
00:31:05,260 --> 00:31:01,570
we'll be talking about citizen science

764
00:31:08,730 --> 00:31:05,270
the evolving phenomenon and this comes

765
00:31:12,940 --> 00:31:08,740
from the skeptic magazine of March 2019

766
00:31:20,850 --> 00:31:12,950
vol 39 number one we call the article

767
00:31:26,440 --> 00:31:24,340
in 1676 Isaac Newton wrote a letter to

768
00:31:29,050 --> 00:31:26,450
Robert Hooke mathematician philosopher

769
00:31:30,790 --> 00:31:29,060
the first curator of experiments with

770
00:31:33,730 --> 00:31:30,800
the Royal Society and a bit of a

771
00:31:36,010 --> 00:31:33,740
competitor D Newton in the letter Newton

772
00:31:38,290 --> 00:31:36,020
made the now famous statement that if I

773
00:31:41,110 --> 00:31:38,300
have seen further it is by standing on

774
00:31:43,330 --> 00:31:41,120
the shoulders of giants the concept

775
00:31:45,790 --> 00:31:43,340
wasn't new the version of the wording

776
00:31:48,420 --> 00:31:45,800
had been attributed to Bernard of shut

777
00:31:51,700 --> 00:31:48,430
in the 12th century john of salisbury

778
00:31:54,070 --> 00:31:51,710
writing about bernard at 1159 said

779
00:31:56,350 --> 00:31:54,080
bernard of shot used to compare us to

780
00:31:59,050 --> 00:31:56,360
dwarfs perched on the shoulders of

781
00:32:01,540 --> 00:31:59,060
giants he pointed out that we see more

782
00:32:03,670 --> 00:32:01,550
and farther than our predecessors not

783
00:32:06,040 --> 00:32:03,680
because we have keener vision or greater

784
00:32:09,930 --> 00:32:06,050
height because we are lifted up and

785
00:32:13,180 --> 00:32:09,940
borne aloft on their gigantic stature

786
00:32:15,610 --> 00:32:13,190
their reliance on others even if only as

787
00:32:18,700 --> 00:32:15,620
a push up to greater heights underpins

788
00:32:20,890 --> 00:32:18,710
everything that science is about the

789
00:32:22,900 --> 00:32:20,900
accumulation of knowledge building on

790
00:32:25,630 --> 00:32:22,910
previous discoveries and proposals and

791
00:32:28,780 --> 00:32:25,640
trying to see beyond your own limited

792
00:32:31,810 --> 00:32:28,790
horizon Galileo stressed the need for

793
00:32:34,030 --> 00:32:31,820
observation and experimentation but he

794
00:32:37,570 --> 00:32:34,040
owed much to another seminal figure born

795
00:32:39,720 --> 00:32:37,580
20 years earlier William Gilbert like

796
00:32:42,640 --> 00:32:39,730
Galileo Gilbert was a physician

797
00:32:44,860 --> 00:32:42,650
physicist and natural philosopher

798
00:32:48,610 --> 00:32:44,870
he's remembered today largely for his

799
00:32:50,410 --> 00:32:48,620
book de magnete 1600 and is credited as

800
00:32:53,470 --> 00:32:50,420
one of the originators of the term

801
00:32:55,150 --> 00:32:53,480
electricity he had been utilizing

802
00:32:58,780 --> 00:32:55,160
scientific method in his work and

803
00:33:01,720 --> 00:32:58,790
setting an example for his peers in his

804
00:33:04,060 --> 00:33:01,730
2002 book the scientists John Gribben

805
00:33:06,460 --> 00:33:04,070
said that although Galileo is one of the

806
00:33:09,100 --> 00:33:06,470
towering figures of science known by

807
00:33:11,500 --> 00:33:09,110
name to every educated person today and

808
00:33:12,330 --> 00:33:11,510
Gilbert is less well known than he

809
00:33:14,940 --> 00:33:12,340
deserves

810
00:33:16,870 --> 00:33:14,950
Gilbert had the earlier birthdate and

811
00:33:20,190 --> 00:33:16,880
chronologically speaking at least

812
00:33:22,600 --> 00:33:20,200
deserves the title of first scientist

813
00:33:24,400 --> 00:33:22,610
the word scientist was coined by

814
00:33:27,250 --> 00:33:24,410
Cambridge University historian and

815
00:33:30,400 --> 00:33:27,260
philosopher William waywell who used it

816
00:33:32,620 --> 00:33:30,410
in 1834 to describe someone who studies

817
00:33:34,660 --> 00:33:32,630
the structure and behavior of the

818
00:33:38,230 --> 00:33:34,670
physical and natural world through

819
00:33:40,000 --> 00:33:38,240
observation and experiment before that

820
00:33:42,669 --> 00:33:40,010
there were like Gilbert natural

821
00:33:44,740 --> 00:33:42,679
philosophers most had a scene occur that

822
00:33:47,440 --> 00:33:44,750
allowed them to apply themselves to a

823
00:33:49,150 --> 00:33:47,450
particular field of study like Newton's

824
00:33:51,370 --> 00:33:49,160
holding of the Lucasian chair of

825
00:33:53,470 --> 00:33:51,380
mathematics at Cambridge he was the

826
00:33:55,450 --> 00:33:53,480
second person to hold that role and was

827
00:33:58,270 --> 00:33:55,460
followed 300 years later by Stephen

828
00:34:00,790 --> 00:33:58,280
Hawking many early scientists were

829
00:34:03,490 --> 00:34:00,800
clergy like Roger Bacon Copernicus

830
00:34:04,960 --> 00:34:03,500
Mendel and William of Occam who were

831
00:34:07,720 --> 00:34:04,970
allowed to pursue their researchers

832
00:34:10,629 --> 00:34:07,730
under the benign gaze of their religious

833
00:34:11,919 --> 00:34:10,639
powers until they dared to suggest

834
00:34:14,070 --> 00:34:11,929
something that went against the

835
00:34:16,600 --> 00:34:14,080
established views of those power holders

836
00:34:19,149 --> 00:34:16,610
the many natural philosophers had other

837
00:34:21,399 --> 00:34:19,159
occupations and fulfilled their passions

838
00:34:24,850 --> 00:34:21,409
in the particular field of science with

839
00:34:26,680 --> 00:34:24,860
amateur and part-time investigation in

840
00:34:29,440 --> 00:34:26,690
fact that is the meaning of the word

841
00:34:32,649 --> 00:34:29,450
amateur someone who does something for

842
00:34:34,419 --> 00:34:32,659
the love of it the list of people who

843
00:34:36,550 --> 00:34:34,429
made major scientific discoveries

844
00:34:38,830 --> 00:34:36,560
without ever having a science degree is

845
00:34:41,830 --> 00:34:38,840
long including such luminaries as

846
00:34:44,290 --> 00:34:41,840
Leonardo da Vinci Ben Franklin William

847
00:34:47,290 --> 00:34:44,300
Herschel Michael Faraday Mary Anning

848
00:34:49,350 --> 00:34:47,300
Charles Goodyear and Thomas Edison not

849
00:34:53,530 --> 00:34:49,360
to mention Steve Jobs and Bill Gates

850
00:34:55,880 --> 00:34:53,540
both university dropouts Mary Anning is

851
00:34:57,800 --> 00:34:55,890
a particularly interesting case who

852
00:34:59,990 --> 00:34:57,810
anywhere Paul and collected fossils in

853
00:35:01,490 --> 00:35:00,000
the Lyme Regis region of England and

854
00:35:04,310 --> 00:35:01,500
sold what they found from a stall

855
00:35:07,220 --> 00:35:04,320
outside their home or later near a local

856
00:35:08,630 --> 00:35:07,230
pub to bring in an income Mary

857
00:35:11,120 --> 00:35:08,640
eventually took over the family business

858
00:35:13,000 --> 00:35:11,130
and devoted herself to finding and

859
00:35:15,500 --> 00:35:13,010
selling fossils to interested parties

860
00:35:16,510 --> 00:35:15,510
ranging from amateur researchers to the

861
00:35:19,820 --> 00:35:16,520
British Museum

862
00:35:21,380 --> 00:35:19,830
the tongue-twister she sells seashells

863
00:35:24,230 --> 00:35:21,390
by the seashore

864
00:35:26,150 --> 00:35:24,240
is possibly about her she is credited

865
00:35:29,170 --> 00:35:26,160
with the discovery of many important

866
00:35:32,810 --> 00:35:29,180
paleo logical finds the first complete

867
00:35:34,850 --> 00:35:32,820
Plesiosaurus and in 1828 the first

868
00:35:39,200 --> 00:35:34,860
British example of the flying reptiles

869
00:35:40,880 --> 00:35:39,210
known as pterosaurs in 2010 a hundred

870
00:35:43,760 --> 00:35:40,890
and sixty-three years after her death

871
00:35:45,800 --> 00:35:43,770
the Royal Society included Anning in the

872
00:35:47,570 --> 00:35:45,810
list of the ten British women who have

873
00:35:49,370 --> 00:35:47,580
most influenced the history of science

874
00:35:52,370 --> 00:35:49,380
there are those who have moved sideways

875
00:35:54,830 --> 00:35:52,380
in their scientific curious embryo

876
00:35:57,950 --> 00:35:54,840
transplants were pioneered by an

877
00:35:59,890 --> 00:35:57,960
industrialist genetics by a monk colour

878
00:36:02,840 --> 00:35:59,900
photography by two musicians

879
00:36:05,660 --> 00:36:02,850
photocopying by a lawyer automatic phone

880
00:36:08,540 --> 00:36:05,670
dialing by an undertaker Dunlop was a

881
00:36:11,240 --> 00:36:08,550
vet biro a sculptor and Herschel and

882
00:36:13,340 --> 00:36:11,250
organist these amateurs of these

883
00:36:15,950 --> 00:36:13,350
gentlemen scholars are the 17th to the

884
00:36:18,080 --> 00:36:15,960
19th centuries especially those not from

885
00:36:21,350 --> 00:36:18,090
the right families were often regarded

886
00:36:22,700 --> 00:36:21,360
with disdain as dadless particularly as

887
00:36:26,030 --> 00:36:22,710
the concept of the professional

888
00:36:30,350 --> 00:36:26,040
scientist came to the fore and for some

889
00:36:33,080 --> 00:36:30,360
it has remained that way in 1996 in

890
00:36:36,020 --> 00:36:33,090
editorial in science proclaimed an end

891
00:36:37,970 --> 00:36:36,030
to amateur science modern science can no

892
00:36:40,910 --> 00:36:37,980
longer be done by gifted amateurs with a

893
00:36:44,510 --> 00:36:40,920
magnifying glass copper wires and jars

894
00:36:47,570 --> 00:36:44,520
filled with alcohol Forrest M Mims the

895
00:36:49,400 --> 00:36:47,580
third and amateur scientist himself in a

896
00:36:51,140 --> 00:36:49,410
contributor to science and nature and

897
00:36:53,750 --> 00:36:51,150
other journals including writing for the

898
00:36:56,480 --> 00:36:53,760
amateur scientist column in Scientific

899
00:36:58,730 --> 00:36:56,490
American pointed out a few home truths

900
00:37:02,240 --> 00:36:58,740
in a response published in science

901
00:37:04,820 --> 00:37:02,250
itself he said the journal science was

902
00:37:07,040 --> 00:37:04,830
begun by a famous amateur scientist and

903
00:37:09,050 --> 00:37:07,050
inventor although his methods were

904
00:37:09,740 --> 00:37:09,060
sometimes ridiculed by some scholarly

905
00:37:12,160 --> 00:37:09,750
sciences

906
00:37:15,410 --> 00:37:12,170
their names are long forgotten but

907
00:37:17,510 --> 00:37:15,420
everyone remembers Thomas Edison he

908
00:37:21,170 --> 00:37:17,520
began science as a private venture in

909
00:37:23,960 --> 00:37:21,180
1880 expelled from school at the age of

910
00:37:26,330 --> 00:37:23,970
seven for being Edison was

911
00:37:28,220 --> 00:37:26,340
taught at home by his mother his life

912
00:37:31,100 --> 00:37:28,230
changed forever when he found an old

913
00:37:33,710 --> 00:37:31,110
copy of Michael Faraday's experimental

914
00:37:35,540 --> 00:37:33,720
researchers in electricity and promptly

915
00:37:38,630 --> 00:37:35,550
built every project in the book

916
00:37:40,310 --> 00:37:38,640
thus the self-taught English amateur

917
00:37:43,720 --> 00:37:40,320
scientist who was also schooled at home

918
00:37:46,820 --> 00:37:43,730
passed the torch to the young American

919
00:37:49,250 --> 00:37:46,830
mims summed up the role of amateurs they

920
00:37:52,040 --> 00:37:49,260
quote do science because it's what they

921
00:37:54,650 --> 00:37:52,050
love to do without remuneration or

922
00:37:56,990 --> 00:37:54,660
reward enthusiastic amateurs survey

923
00:37:58,880 --> 00:37:57,000
birds tagged butterflies measures

924
00:38:02,030 --> 00:37:58,890
sunlight and studied transient solar

925
00:38:04,460 --> 00:38:02,040
eclipse phenomena others counts sunspots

926
00:38:07,370 --> 00:38:04,470
discovered comets monitor variable stars

927
00:38:09,710 --> 00:38:07,380
and invent instruments tapping into that

928
00:38:13,040 --> 00:38:09,720
love and passion can benefit science

929
00:38:15,730 --> 00:38:13,050
greatly the corollary of individual

930
00:38:18,170 --> 00:38:15,740
amateur scientists is the group effort

931
00:38:19,730 --> 00:38:18,180
crowdsourcing information doing the

932
00:38:21,880 --> 00:38:19,740
grunt work that allows the true

933
00:38:24,800 --> 00:38:21,890
scientists to get on with the job of

934
00:38:26,420 --> 00:38:24,810
hypothesizing and writing papers former

935
00:38:29,150 --> 00:38:26,430
Australian chief scientist Alan thing

936
00:38:30,560 --> 00:38:29,160
called describes such a case in colonial

937
00:38:34,760 --> 00:38:30,570
Australia in an article in the

938
00:38:37,340 --> 00:38:34,770
conversation in quote in 1847 a young

939
00:38:39,890 --> 00:38:37,350
German named Ferdinand von Muller came

940
00:38:41,750 --> 00:38:39,900
to Adelaide with a dream to be the

941
00:38:44,660 --> 00:38:41,760
botanist who catalogued every plant

942
00:38:46,400 --> 00:38:44,670
species in Australia off he went

943
00:38:48,560 --> 00:38:46,410
collecting plants from Queensland to

944
00:38:51,020 --> 00:38:48,570
Victoria up mountains and over deserts

945
00:38:52,820 --> 00:38:51,030
for the better part of a decade he

946
00:38:55,220 --> 00:38:52,830
demonstrated beyond any doubt that

947
00:38:58,160 --> 00:38:55,230
Australia was very large and had a lot

948
00:39:01,820 --> 00:38:58,170
of plants then inspiration dawned a

949
00:39:04,070 --> 00:39:01,830
collection of collectors Muller realized

950
00:39:05,540 --> 00:39:04,080
that the way to catalog plants wasn't to

951
00:39:07,910 --> 00:39:05,550
walk around Australia collecting them

952
00:39:10,910 --> 00:39:07,920
but to sit very comfortably in Melbourne

953
00:39:12,950 --> 00:39:10,920
collecting collectors that's exactly

954
00:39:14,380 --> 00:39:12,960
what he did he recruited through

955
00:39:16,940 --> 00:39:14,390
advertisements in the newspapers

956
00:39:19,340 --> 00:39:16,950
teachers in country schools and the

957
00:39:22,280 --> 00:39:19,350
contacts made on his travels over the

958
00:39:23,579 --> 00:39:22,290
next forty years more than 1300 amateur

959
00:39:25,109 --> 00:39:23,589
enthusiasts would

960
00:39:27,390 --> 00:39:25,119
contribute to Mueller's flora of

961
00:39:29,759 --> 00:39:27,400
Australia his Network spanned the

962
00:39:32,519 --> 00:39:29,769
continent decades before Australia was a

963
00:39:35,489 --> 00:39:32,529
country it included more than 200 women

964
00:39:37,859 --> 00:39:35,499
and 20 young girls the youngest just six

965
00:39:41,160 --> 00:39:37,869
years old when she sent Mueller her

966
00:39:45,180 --> 00:39:41,170
first plant another example beginning on

967
00:39:47,279 --> 00:39:45,190
Christmas Day $1,900 Frank M Chapman an

968
00:39:50,130 --> 00:39:47,289
early officer of the then nascent

969
00:39:50,880 --> 00:39:50,140
Audubon Society proposed a new holiday

970
00:39:53,849 --> 00:39:50,890
tradition

971
00:39:56,279 --> 00:39:53,859
a Christmas Bird census that would count

972
00:39:57,839 --> 00:39:56,289
birds during the holidays rather than

973
00:40:00,479 --> 00:39:57,849
what was readily undertaken to the time

974
00:40:03,209 --> 00:40:00,489
hunting them the data collected by

975
00:40:05,190 --> 00:40:03,219
observers over the past century allow

976
00:40:07,709 --> 00:40:05,200
Audubon researchers conservation

977
00:40:09,839 --> 00:40:07,719
biologists wildlife agencies and other

978
00:40:12,059 --> 00:40:09,849
interested individuals to study the

979
00:40:14,940 --> 00:40:12,069
long-term health and status of bird

980
00:40:16,680 --> 00:40:14,950
populations across North America when

981
00:40:19,170 --> 00:40:16,690
combined with other surveys such as the

982
00:40:20,640 --> 00:40:19,180
breeding bird survey it provides a

983
00:40:23,459 --> 00:40:20,650
picture of how the continents bird

984
00:40:27,329 --> 00:40:23,469
population have changed in time and

985
00:40:29,309 --> 00:40:27,339
space over the past hundred years all of

986
00:40:32,339 --> 00:40:29,319
this activity by passionate amateurs on

987
00:40:35,700 --> 00:40:32,349
mass leads to the concept of citizen

988
00:40:37,650 --> 00:40:35,710
science the first use of the term

989
00:40:39,870 --> 00:40:37,660
citizen scientist can be found in the

990
00:40:43,349 --> 00:40:39,880
magazine New Scientist in an article

991
00:40:45,650 --> 00:40:43,359
from October 1979 about very skeptical

992
00:40:49,140 --> 00:40:45,660
the failure of the science of ufology

993
00:40:52,049 --> 00:40:49,150
written by skeptic James Oberg he says

994
00:40:54,180 --> 00:40:52,059
if you follow G is not a science what

995
00:40:55,920 --> 00:40:54,190
then is it it might be considered as a

996
00:40:56,789 --> 00:40:55,930
protest movement against the

997
00:40:59,039 --> 00:40:56,799
impersonality

998
00:41:01,709 --> 00:40:59,049
and specialization of modern science

999
00:41:04,079 --> 00:41:01,719
which has all but eliminated the role of

1000
00:41:06,479 --> 00:41:04,089
the citizen scientists the amateur

1001
00:41:08,370 --> 00:41:06,489
investigator who in the past contributed

1002
00:41:11,910 --> 00:41:08,380
substantially to the development of

1003
00:41:13,799 --> 00:41:11,920
science through part-time dabbling now

1004
00:41:16,200 --> 00:41:13,809
the oxford english dictionary recently

1005
00:41:18,180 --> 00:41:16,210
defined citizen science a scientific

1006
00:41:20,549 --> 00:41:18,190
work undertaken by members of the

1007
00:41:22,410 --> 00:41:20,559
general public often in collaboration

1008
00:41:24,779 --> 00:41:22,420
with or under the direction of

1009
00:41:28,829 --> 00:41:24,789
professional scientists and scientific

1010
00:41:30,390 --> 00:41:28,839
institutions a 30 from 2016 indicates

1011
00:41:32,599 --> 00:41:30,400
that the largest impact of citizen

1012
00:41:35,309 --> 00:41:32,609
science is in research on biology

1013
00:41:37,560 --> 00:41:35,319
conservation and ecology and is utilized

1014
00:41:40,620 --> 00:41:37,570
mainly as a methodology a collective

1015
00:41:42,210 --> 00:41:40,630
and classifying data and the increasing

1016
00:41:44,610 --> 00:41:42,220
amount of data that scientists and

1017
00:41:46,500 --> 00:41:44,620
researchers need to deal with is a key

1018
00:41:49,320 --> 00:41:46,510
driver for the take-up of citizen

1019
00:41:51,360 --> 00:41:49,330
science for instance astronomical

1020
00:41:53,250 --> 00:41:51,370
observatories generate a staggering

1021
00:41:57,210 --> 00:41:53,260
amount of data the Hubble Space

1022
00:42:00,090 --> 00:41:57,220
Telescope operating since 1990 has made

1023
00:42:03,030 --> 00:42:00,100
over 1.3 million observations and

1024
00:42:05,610 --> 00:42:03,040
transmits around 20 gigabytes of raw

1025
00:42:08,160 --> 00:42:05,620
data every week the Atacama Large

1026
00:42:10,440 --> 00:42:08,170
millimeter array in Chile now

1027
00:42:13,800 --> 00:42:10,450
anticipates adding two terabytes of data

1028
00:42:16,080 --> 00:42:13,810
to its archives every day the large

1029
00:42:17,490 --> 00:42:16,090
synoptic survey telescope an optical

1030
00:42:21,300 --> 00:42:17,500
telescope currently under construction

1031
00:42:23,970 --> 00:42:21,310
in Chile will image the entire sky every

1032
00:42:26,700 --> 00:42:23,980
few nights it will be so sensitive that

1033
00:42:29,130 --> 00:42:26,710
will generate 10 million alerts per

1034
00:42:31,920 --> 00:42:29,140
night on new or transient sources

1035
00:42:35,220 --> 00:42:31,930
leading to a catalogue of over 15

1036
00:42:37,980 --> 00:42:35,230
petabytes after 10 years and the Square

1037
00:42:40,500 --> 00:42:37,990
Kilometre Array when completed in 2020

1038
00:42:42,840 --> 00:42:40,510
will be the most sensitive telescope in

1039
00:42:45,900 --> 00:42:42,850
the world in just one year of activity

1040
00:42:49,110 --> 00:42:45,910
it will generate more data than the

1041
00:42:51,120 --> 00:42:49,120
entire Internet this was a problem faced

1042
00:42:53,640 --> 00:42:51,130
by Edward Charles Pickering director of

1043
00:42:55,230 --> 00:42:53,650
the Harvard Observatory the prevalence

1044
00:42:57,900 --> 00:42:55,240
of photography at the observatory was

1045
00:42:59,970 --> 00:42:57,910
rising markedly with more data than

1046
00:43:02,340 --> 00:42:59,980
anyone had time to interpret the work

1047
00:43:04,110 --> 00:43:02,350
was tedious Duty's thought to lend

1048
00:43:06,150 --> 00:43:04,120
themselves to a cheaper and less

1049
00:43:08,190 --> 00:43:06,160
educated work force capable of

1050
00:43:12,000 --> 00:43:08,200
classifying stars rather than observing

1051
00:43:13,590 --> 00:43:12,010
them naturally this meant women during

1052
00:43:16,530 --> 00:43:13,600
bickerings tenure at the Harvard

1053
00:43:19,290 --> 00:43:16,540
Observatory from 1877 to his death in

1054
00:43:22,320 --> 00:43:19,300
1919 he gathered a crew of more than 80

1055
00:43:25,260 --> 00:43:22,330
women to catalog data some of these

1056
00:43:27,630 --> 00:43:25,270
women called computers would produce

1057
00:43:29,700 --> 00:43:27,640
significant work on their own some would

1058
00:43:32,520 --> 00:43:29,710
even earn a certain level of fame among

1059
00:43:34,410 --> 00:43:32,530
followers of female scientists but the

1060
00:43:37,370 --> 00:43:34,420
majority remembered not individually but

1061
00:43:41,460 --> 00:43:37,380
collectively by the demeaning moniker

1062
00:43:44,640 --> 00:43:41,470
Pickering's harem a speaker in knew he

1063
00:43:46,860 --> 00:43:44,650
needed help the harem were paid staff a

1064
00:43:48,200 --> 00:43:46,870
lot of scientific data was now readily

1065
00:43:50,569 --> 00:43:48,210
available online

1066
00:43:53,599 --> 00:43:50,579
which opens it up to bringing in amateur

1067
00:43:56,089 --> 00:43:53,609
researchers the tightening of resources

1068
00:43:58,970 --> 00:43:56,099
and limited funding for science and

1069
00:44:07,280 --> 00:43:58,980
research makes the concept of citizen

1070
00:44:09,319 --> 00:44:07,290
scientists almost a necessity that was

1071
00:44:15,710 --> 00:44:09,329
from the article people power from the

1072
00:44:22,900 --> 00:44:15,720
skeptic March 2019 vol 39 number one

1073
00:44:22,910 --> 00:44:32,130
[Music]

1074
00:44:40,330 --> 00:44:36,720
fatima ki te te te ricotta cast OA

1075
00:44:41,110 --> 00:44:40,340
Australia Cara the skip the chickpeas on

1076
00:44:44,650 --> 00:44:41,120
to you

1077
00:44:49,600 --> 00:44:44,660
cogito wrong we know what occurs two

1078
00:44:53,580 --> 00:44:49,610
days ago one sec I cheated sua ricotta

1079
00:44:57,910 --> 00:44:53,590
bad no Dottie deskah oh no autocast OA

1080
00:45:07,900 --> 00:44:57,920
euro Erina Cooney no kata bad a joke a

1081
00:45:11,760 --> 00:45:07,910
CMOS www.exim.gov she rabbit a homo

1082
00:45:15,760 --> 00:45:11,770
Pacino stop mad at me straw rizzuto

1083
00:45:19,150 --> 00:45:15,770
origami not kick-ass Osito you

1084
00:45:23,500 --> 00:45:19,160
Tsubasa no re butta Oh Calista

1085
00:45:27,730 --> 00:45:23,510
artis and RC no originally know origami

1086
00:45:28,290 --> 00:45:27,740
no horse toe-down rotisserie kata-kata

1087
00:45:45,450 --> 00:45:28,300
Chema's

1088
00:45:50,260 --> 00:45:47,710
thank you for listening to the skeptic

1089
00:45:51,970 --> 00:45:50,270
zone and as ever thank you to those

1090
00:45:56,500 --> 00:45:51,980
people who have come on board this year

1091
00:45:58,870 --> 00:45:56,510
and in the what nearly eleven twelve

1092
00:46:03,250 --> 00:45:58,880
years going back who have come on board

1093
00:46:04,870 --> 00:46:03,260
to help the skeptic zone stay on air on

1094
00:46:08,440 --> 00:46:04,880
the Internet

1095
00:46:10,510 --> 00:46:08,450
in your ears in your car while you're

1096
00:46:13,329 --> 00:46:10,520
jogging walking the dog doing the dishes

1097
00:46:16,720 --> 00:46:13,339
driving around picking up the kids from

1098
00:46:20,680 --> 00:46:16,730
school listening to the skeptic zone and

1099
00:46:25,539 --> 00:46:20,690
I guess my message for 2020 is lets you

1100
00:46:27,339 --> 00:46:25,549
and I slay some dragons in 2020 signing

1101
00:46:33,670 --> 00:46:27,349
off from the Bay Area San Francisco this

1102
00:46:35,740 --> 00:46:33,680
is Richard Saunders you've been

1103
00:46:42,670 --> 00:46:35,750
listening to the skeptic zone podcast

1104
00:46:45,130 --> 00:46:42,680
please visit our website at wwlp.com tax

1105
00:46:49,029 --> 00:46:45,140
and to access the bat catalog of

1106
00:46:50,890 --> 00:46:49,039
episodes going back to 2008 you can

1107
00:46:53,950 --> 00:46:50,900
follow the skeptic zone podcast on

1108
00:46:56,230 --> 00:46:53,960
twitter at skeptic zone visit our

1109
00:46:59,589 --> 00:46:56,240
facebook page or leave a review on

1110
00:47:02,950 --> 00:46:59,599
itunes you can also support the skeptic

1111
00:47:05,319 --> 00:47:02,960
zone via patreon or PayPal the skeptic

1112
00:47:07,089 --> 00:47:05,329
zone podcast is an independent

1113
00:47:09,460 --> 00:47:07,099
production the views and opinions

1114
00:47:11,620 --> 00:47:09,470
expressed on the skeptic zone are not

1115
00:47:14,540 --> 00:47:11,630
necessarily those of Australian skeptics

1116
00:47:24,759 --> 00:47:14,550
or any other skeptical organization

1117
00:47:30,799 --> 00:47:28,150
the concept was a new averting of

1118
00:47:38,569 --> 00:47:30,809
burning version of the wording it's out

1119
00:47:43,069 --> 00:47:38,579
of the new word the one start with the

1120
00:47:47,319 --> 00:47:43,079
concept yeah not to mention Steve Jobs

1121
00:47:53,150 --> 00:47:47,329
and Bill Gates both University dropouts

1122
00:48:02,029 --> 00:47:53,160
that was by this beat that was like

1123
00:48:05,450 --> 00:48:02,039
another that was you're fine brilliant I

1124
00:48:10,690 --> 00:48:05,460
never catch it again I have to put that

1125
00:48:14,710 --> 00:48:10,700
in the director's cut kraut was a temp

1126
00:48:17,690 --> 00:48:14,720
let's stay a sort of thumb yet ghosts

1127
00:48:18,259 --> 00:48:17,700
all right you diehard fans died and dice

1128
00:48:20,930 --> 00:48:18,269
get it

1129
00:48:23,799 --> 00:48:20,940
mmm-hmm here we go last time for this

1130
00:48:27,200 --> 00:48:23,809
year I got a d-10 10-sided dice with me

1131
00:48:29,089 --> 00:48:27,210
I'm gonna roll it three times and I'll

1132
00:48:31,759 --> 00:48:29,099
leave it up to you to guess or predict

1133
00:48:34,309 --> 00:48:31,769
or whatever you want to do in fact I

1134
00:48:37,009 --> 00:48:34,319
remember at skeptic on in Melbourne

1135
00:48:38,959 --> 00:48:37,019
I gave four or five or six I can't

1136
00:48:42,319 --> 00:48:38,969
remember I lost count people their own

1137
00:48:43,489 --> 00:48:42,329
skeptic zone 10-sided dice so maybe you

1138
00:48:45,380 --> 00:48:43,499
can play along with me too

1139
00:48:48,200 --> 00:48:45,390
can roll it three times predict what

1140
00:48:52,910 --> 00:48:48,210
numbers come up here we go are you

1141
00:48:56,319 --> 00:48:52,920
predicting here's the first number six

1142
00:48:59,299 --> 00:48:56,329
number six where's my skeptic zone pen

1143
00:49:02,019 --> 00:48:59,309
never mind just have to remember six

1144
00:49:07,160 --> 00:49:02,029
second number coming up here it is